What is the net impact of intergovernmental agreements?

• A. Not supported by existing industry and not easy to institute, not exactly enforceable, but highly comprehensive in application.
• B. Heavily supported by existing industry, easy to institute, enforceable, and highly comprehensive.
• C. Moderately supported by industry, easy to implement, enforceable with some exceptions.
• D. Not supported by existing industry and not easy to institute, not exactly enforceable, but highly comprehensive in application.

Answer: (D)

Intergovernmental agreements often set broad, cross-border commitments that apply across multiple jurisdictions. Their net impact tends to be wide in scope, aiming to cover many areas or standards, but practical uptake is usually limited. Industry support is not guaranteed because firms may face diverse regulations, costs, or sovereignty concerns, and turning high-level promises into concrete actions can be slow. Enforcement is also tricky, since it relies on each member government's legal system and enforcement capacity rather than a single, centralized authority; this makes consistent, across-the-board enforcement difficult.

So the best choice reflects broad, comprehensive application, while acknowledging limited industry buy-in and enforcement challenges, and the difficulty of instituting these agreements in practice.