Which of Fraser's four practical ethics is represented by providing good lives for all animals, domestic or wild, that we take into our care?

• A. Respect traditional relational ethics that allow people and animals to live in sustainable relationships
• B. Provide good lives for all animals, domestic or wild, that we take into our care
• C. Be mindful of harms we cause, intentional and unintentional, and minimize them as much as possible
• D. Protect the life-sustaining processes and balances of nature

Answer: (B)

Providing good lives for all animals under our care focuses on ensuring high welfare for every animal we are responsible for, whether domestic or wild. It means going beyond merely avoiding harm to actively creating conditions that allow animals to live well—they should be healthy, comfortable, able to express natural behaviors, have social opportunities where appropriate, and receive appropriate veterinary care when needed. In practice this drives actions like giving companion animals enriching environments, adequate space, and good nutrition, as well as ensuring rehabilitated or captive wildlife and farm animals under human care have conditions that support positive welfare rather than just basic survival. The other Fraser principles address different duties—maintaining sustainable relationships, minimizing harms we cause, and protecting nature’s life-sustaining processes—but this one specifically centers on cultivating a good life for animals we take into our care.